High Energy Particles

Antigraviton- Artificially generated by aliens. Apparently can act as "antigravity." In real life, a graviton (which is still a theoretical particle whose existence hasn't been proven) is its own antiparticle. That is, an antigraviton would actually be a normal graviton.

Antimatter- Artificially generated by crew; naturally occurring in real life. Matter whose electrical charge properties are the opposite of "normal matter." It is not well understood why the universe is made overwhelmingly of matter yet most reactions which produce particles produce matter and anti-matter equally. The imbalance could have started as a minor percentage in the early moments of the big bang, with resulting annihilation keeping the excess only (the rest is the photon background).

Antineutrino- Naturally occurring. In real life, a byproduct of beta decay.

Antineutron- A real particle; the antimatter version of a neutron.

Antiproton- Naturally occurring. Also generated by ships; can penetrate Romulan cloaking devices. In real life, the antimatter version of a proton.

Antitime- Naturally occurring. Analogous to "antimatter" but for time, not matter.

Anyon- Artificially generated by crew. Caused by the interaction between phased and normal matter. In real life, an anyon isn't a real particle, it's a theoretical construct formed by confining a normal fermion (and possibly boson) to a two-dimensional region. The exchange arguments which lead to the parity operator eigenvalues being +-1 no longer apply, and these theoretical constructs can have arbitrary quantum phase changes under exchange.

Baryon- Naturally occurring. In real life, "heavy" particles like protons, as opposed to "light" particles (leptons) like electrons. In TNG, something else.

Chroniton- Artificially generated by aliens and crew. Involved in time travel and in cloaking; exact nature unknown.

Chronometric Particle- Artificially generated by aliens. Involved in time travel.

Cosmic String- Naturally occurring. A string of particles with gravitational forces that are the strength of a black hole.

Dechyon- Artificially generated by crew. In real life, dechyons are the class of particles that travel below the speed of light (i.e., the opposite of tachyons.)

Delta Rays- Naturally occurring. Type of radiation produced by older engines; exists in real life. Delta-rays refer to moderate energy electrons which have been kicked off a nucleus by the passage of a nearby high energy charged particle.

Displacement Wave- Artificially generated by aliens. Moves objects at high warp speed.

Ion- Naturally occurring. An atom or group of atoms that carries a positive or negative electric charge.

Lepton- Naturally occurring. - particle "activity" increased prior to the wormhole reappearing and shifting its position.

Magneton- Artificially generated by crew. In real life, a quanta of the mangetic dipole moment of a particle. In short, it's a measurement (like inches or liters), not a particle, though the name is used for one in Star Trek.

Meson- Naturally occurring. - particle "activity" increased prior to the wormhole reappearing and shifting its position.

Metrion- Artificially generated by aliens. High levels of exposure can infect a humanoid with nitremia, a blood disease that causes its victims' cells to undergo fission.

Muon- Naturally occurring. Short-lived subatomic particle classified as a lepton.

Nadion- Artificially generated by crew. Berman and Okuda's TNG Technical Manual identifies "nadion" particles as the output produced by phasers.

Neutrino- Artificially generated by crew. Real particle with no charge, until recently thought to have no mass.

Nucleonic Particle- Artificially generated by crew.

Polaric Ion- Artificially generated by aliens. Used as a power generation system.

Polaron- Artificially generated by crew. Exists in the real world. In condensed matter physics, a polaron is a type of mobile crystal defect consisting of an electron coupled to an induced lattice polarization.

Positron- Naturally occurring. Real antimatter version of an electron.

Proton- Naturally occurring. Baryon with a virtually infinite life span. Protons occur in all atomic nuclei.

Tachyon- Artificially generated by crew. A FTL (or subspace) particle. (Postulated by some real physics theories.)

Terracon- Artificially generated by aliens. Nature unknown.

Terrion- Artificially generated by aliens.

Tetryon- Artificially generated by aliens. Subspace particle; shouldn't be found in normal space.

Thoron- Naturally occurring. Radioactive isotope by-product from the decay of thorium. Thorium is also known as radon-22.

Verdion- Naturally occurring. Generated in the cores or surfaces of White Dwarfs.

Veridium- Artificially generated by crew. Can be detected at great distances, except through a magnetic shield.

Verteron- Artificially generated by aliens. Somehow damaging to sub-space equipment

Warp Particle- Artificially generated by crew. Emitted by warp engines.

Z Particle- Artificially generated by aliens; also a real type of particle. Can mess up sensor and/or visual records. In real life: today's understanding puts particles into two basic categories, matter and exchange particles. Exchange particles are thrown kind of like frisbees between matter particles as the generators of the forces. Photons mediate the electromagnetic force, gluons mediate the strong force, the graviton is proposed (not observed) to mediate the gravitational force. The weak force is mediated by the W+, W-, and Z0 particles.